Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukukhawulezisa ukulungiswa kolwakhiwo lweshishini lokutya, ukukhuthaza inguqu kwimizi-mveliso kunye nokuphuculwa, kunye nokwakha inkqubo yokutya yanamhlanje eneempawu zaseTshayina, ukuxinana kweshishini kushishino lokutya lwasekhaya kuye kwanda kakhulu, ukwanda kwesikali seshishini, imveliso. ukuphuculwa kwamandla, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yesixhobo, iqondo lokuzitshintsha nalo lineemfuno ezingaphezulu.Ke ngoko, izixhobo ezizihambelayo zokuhambisa ukutya zingenise amathuba amakhulu entengiso.
Ngokwenkqubo yezothutho yamashishini ahlukeneyo emveliso, umgca wendibano ngenxa yomthamo wayo omkhulu wokuhambisa, umgama omde wokuhanjiswa, kumsebenzi wemveliso unokuba ** izinga lokusebenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye unesingqisho esinamandla.Izinto ezifakwayo kwimisebenzi yemveliso yomgca wokudityaniswa zezi: ukuhambisa ipleyiti yokutya, isihambisi sebhanti lokutya, umnatha wokutya ohambisa ibhanti, ukuhambisa ukutya okuqengqelekayo, isikrufu sokutya kunye nebhakethi yokuhambisa ilifti yokutya.
Ibhanti lokutya elihambisa iplastiki enemeko yophuhliso lwezindlu
Izindlu zeplastiki zemveli ezithwele iintsimbi zoomatshini bokuhambisa ibhanti lokutya zisekwe kwinto enye yobunjineli beplastiki.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuziqhelanisa noluhlu olubanzi lweemfuno zesicelo, ngakumbi ukutya, amayeza, isiselo kunye namanye amashishini kwindawo yemveliso, ukuthembeka kwezixhobo, iimfuno zobuchule bezixhobo ziyaqhubeka nokuphucula, izinto ezahlukeneyo ezihlanganisiweyo zeplastiki ezithwele izindlu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. indima.
Izindlu zeplastiki ezithwele iplastiki ngokongezwa kwefiber ehlanganisiweyo, inokufikelela kwi-high compression resistance, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokunyuka, i-fiber edibeneyo ngokwayo ineempawu ezintle zokukhuhlana;Ukongeza igrisi eqinileyo, izinto zokwenziwa ezikhethiweyo kunye nemicu edibeneyo edibeneyo ukunceda ukunciphisa ukukhuhlana.Izindlu ezithwele iplastiki zineempawu ezibalaseleyo zokukhuhlana, kodwa zikwanazo nokuchaneka okuphezulu, ukwanda kwe-thermal ephantsi, ukufunxwa kwamanzi aphantsi, ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukuxhathisa kokuhamba kunye nezinye iimpawu.
Izinto zeplastiki ezithwele ukuveliswa kwezindlu, njengohlobo olutsha lwezinto ze-polymer, i-friction coefficient incinci, ukusuka kwilahleko enganyangekiyo yendalo, iplastiki enezixhobo zokuvelisa izindlu kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo yekhabhoni kunye nezinye izinto ezifana nezindlu ezithwalayo ziyakwazi ukunxiba, kwaye uneempawu zokuzithambisa.Iimeko ze-self-lubrication yi-cohesion phakathi kwee-athomu ukuba zibe zincinci, i-molecular structure ye-athomu zicwangciswe ngokulinganayo, ukongeza ekusebenzeni kokuthambisa kunye neemeko zokuthambisa.Amandla omgangatho wezindlu ezithwele iplastiki aphakamileyo kwaye agudileyo kakhulu, ngokusisiseko akabonakali uxinzelelo, uneempawu ezilungileyo zokuzithambisa kunye ne-coefficient ephantsi yokukhuhlana, ngokuhambelana nezibonelelo zemveli zezindlu ezithwele iplastiki ngokwesiseko somsebenzi wemveliso zingasetyenziswa. ngokuchaneka ngakumbi okanye ekusebenzeni kwesantya esiphezulu somsebenzi wokuhambisa.Izindlu zeplastiki ezithwele iplastiki zinokuqulatha izinto ze-alkaline kwindawo yokusebenza, zidlala indima engcono, kodwa ayifanelekanga kwiindawo ezitshabalalisayo eziqulethe izinto ezine-acidic eziqhuba imisebenzi.Izindlu zeplastiki ezithweleyo zinobulukhuni obuphezulu kunye nobunzima, kwaye nakwindawo yokusebenza yobushushu obuphantsi, amandla okumelana neempembelelo aphezulu.
Izindlu ezithwele iplastiki licandelo eliyimfuneko nelibalulekileyo lokuhambisa ibhanti lokutya koomatshini kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezixhobo, kwimveliso yemisebenzi yokuhambisa kunokuphucula ngcono ukuhanjiswa kwezixhobo zokuhambisa, ngaloo ndlela kudlala indima ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.Izindlu zaseTshayina kwinkqubo yophuhliso lwenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe bale mihla, ukwenzela ukwenza izindlu ezithwele ngcono ukuphucula umthamo wokuthwala, ekusebenzeni kwezindlu ezithweleyo kunye nezinto, ziye zaqhuba ngokutsha okugqwesileyo ngakumbi, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kweeplastiki zobunjineli ukuvelisa izindlu ezithwele.Emva kovavanyo, izindlu zeplastiki ezithwele yomelele ngaphezu kokuqina kunye nobulukhuni beebheringi zentsimbi eziqhelekileyo, ngoko ke isetyenziswe kwimveliso yokuhambisa ibhanti yokutya kunye nokuhanjiswa kweshishini.
Umbono wevili elimile okwenkwenkwezi leendawo zokuhambisa ibhanti lokutya
I-symmetry yesakhiwo se-gear yevili elimise okwenkwenkwezi yenza ivili elimise okwenkwenkwezi kunye nomzila obalekayo wokuhanjiswa kweplanethi esasazwa ngokulinganayo, kwaye phantsi kwesenzo sokuhanjiswa kwebhanti lokutya, ukuze ivili eliphakathi kunye nengalo ejikelezayo yokuthwala ingalo ikwazi. ukulungelelanisa omnye komnye, ngaloo ndlela kunceda ukufezekisa indima yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kosulelo.Kuphela kufuneka ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo uhlobo losasazo lweplanethi kunye nenkqubo yegiya, ungasebenzisa iigiya ezimbalwa kwaye ufumane umlinganiselo omkhulu wothumelo.
Njengoko ivili leenkwenkwezi lithatha amavili eplanethi afanayo, asasazwa ngokulinganayo malunga nevili eliphakathi, ukuze amandla e-inertia yevili leplanethi kunye nengalo ejikelezayo ilungelelane.Kwangaxeshanye, yenza ukuba inani lamazinyo abandakanyekayo ekwandeni kwe-meshing, ngoko ke intshukumo yokuhanjiswa kwegiya yeplanethi igudileyo, ukuxhathisa okunamandla kukothuka kunye nokungcangcazela, ukusebenza okuthembekileyo ngakumbi, ngoko ke ivili lenkwenkwezi ekuveliseni imisebenzi yokuhambisa, inokuba ngcono ukuhambisa umhambisi ogudileyo;kwangaxeshanye, ukuxhathisa kwevili lenkwenkwezi ukothuka kunye nokungcangcazela kokukwazi ukuba namandla ngokwentelekiso.
Ibhanti lokutya elihambisa ivili lokuhambisa isixhobo kwigiya, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi i-carburisation kunye ne-nitriding kunye nolunye unyango lobushushu bekhemikhali.Ukuchaneka kokwenziwa kweegiya ngokuqhelekileyo kungaphezulu kwamanqanaba amathandathu.Ngokucacileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yezinyo lukhuni, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kuyanceda ukuqhubela phambili ukuphucula umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo, ukuze ubungakanani begiya bube buncinci.
Umphezulu wezinyo elinzima, ukuchaneka okuphezulu.Izinto ezisetyenziswa ekwenzeni amavili eenkwenkwezi ziquka intsimbi ecolekileyo yengqolowa enomxholo ophezulu we-alloy kunye nokuqina okulungileyo.Njengoko ubushushu bokucima buyancipha, ukuqina kobuso bezinyo akutshintshi kakhulu, kodwa ukuqina kwentliziyo kuncipha kakhulu.Ukwanda kwekhabhoni kunye neekhompawundi zenitrogen zevili lenkwenkwezi kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kunye namandla okudibana nokudinwa, kunye nesixa esifanelekileyo se-austenite eseleyo inceda ukuphucula imeko yoxinzelelo lonxibelelwano lomphezulu, emva kokuba unyango lwe-carbon kunye ne-nitrogen co-infiltration, kwi. Ukumelana nokunxiba, amandla okudibana nokudinwa kunye nokuguqulwa kokusebenza kobungakanani bokuguqulwa, kunokuba kuhle ukusebenzisa.
Indlela yokuhambisa ivili emile okwenkwenkwezi kuthumelo oluhamba ngesantya esiphezulu, amandla othumelo nawo makhulu ngokwentelekiso, kodwa anokusetyenziswa kwisantya esisezantsi, esinzima sokuhambisa ibhanti lokutya, kunokuba ngcono ukudlula itorque enkulu, ubungakanani obukhulu bebhanti lokutya. umthumeli, ngoko ke ivili elimise okwenkwenkwezi lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yamashishini okutya kwindawo yokuhambisa, kodwa lingasetyenziswa ngcono kwisinciphisi sesantya, isantya esongezelelweyo esongezelelweyo kunye nesantya sokutshintsha kunye nezinye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa oomatshini. .
Imfuno yezixhobo ezihambisa ukutya iya isomelela kwaye isomelela
Ushishino olunzulu lwaseTshayina lweemveliso zezolimo kwibhanti yokuhambisa alunxanelwa nje inani lebhanti yentsimbi engenasici kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, inqanaba lesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nokusebenza, umgangatho.Oku kubonisa indlela ecacileyo yophuhliso loshishino lwebhanti yebhanti yokuhambisa yaseTshayina.
I-China Food Industry Association isanda kukhupha i-"2008-2018 National Food Industry Science and Technology Development Programme" ecetywayo ukunika ingqwalaselo ephambili kuphuhliso lweentlobo ezili-15 zeemveliso zebhanti zokuhambisa.Ezi ntlobo ze-10 zeemveliso ezivela kwimeko yangempela kunye nemfuno, okuphambili kufuneka kunikwe ibhiya, izixhobo zokuzalisa isiselo, ukuba ziphuhliswe ngaphezu kwe-200,000 yeetoni / ngonyaka umthamo wokuvelisa umgca wokuvelisa, ukunqoba ubunzima bobugcisa bomatshini wokulebula, ukuphuhliswa komatshini wokuzalisa i-aseptic ngesantya esiphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo, ukubeka iliso ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nezinye iimpawu zemisebenzi emininzi, i-automated ngokupheleleyo, izixhobo ezinkulu;ingxowa yokwenza, ukuzalisa kunye nokutywinwa kwezixhobo zokuphuhlisa uluhlu lweemveliso kunye nezixhobo ezixhasayo, ukuphucula isantya sokupakisha, kunye nokuphucula isantya sokupakisha.Iimveliso kunye nezixhobo ezixhasayo zokuphucula isantya sokupakisha, ngelixa lisebenza kwifilimu enye kunye nefilimu ephindwe kabini kumatshini wokupakisha;izixhobo zokupakisha ze-aseptic, uphuhliso lwebhanti ye-aseptic indebe encinci yokuhambisa, ******;ibhokisi, izixhobo zamanqindi, kufuneka zigxininise ekuphuhlisweni kwebhokisi kunye nezinye iindlela zezixhobo zokupakisha, izixhobo zebhokisi, izixhobo zebhokisi zezinto ezincinci ukuphucula isantya kunye nokuthembeka komsebenzi, kunye nokwenza lula isakhiwo.
Kule mihla yasekhaya ngenxa yamashishini amakhulu kunye amancinci okutya asebenzisa imisebenzi yokuvelisa umgca wokuhlanganisa, kuphuhliso lwemveliso yeshishini luyaqhubeka nokwandisa utyalo-mali ngaxeshanye, kodwa lujongene nokuveliswa kwemveliso yamashishini ahlukeneyo.kunye neemfuno zothutho lwezixhobo zokuhambisa ukutya, oluyilo kunye nophuhliso lokuhambisa ukutya, uzinzo lwemathiriyeli kunye nokuhambisa ukutya kunye neminye imiba yemfuno ephezulu.Ngokwamashishini ahlukeneyo emveliso afunekayo, unokuthelekisa ixabiso lokuhambisa ukutya ngokweeparamitha zokuhambisa ukutya, imodeli, imathiriyeli kunye nohlobo lokuhambisa ukutya.
Ishishini lokulungisa ukutya laseTshayina linekamva eliqaqambileyo, ishishini lokuvelisa izixhobo ezihambisa ukutya linendlela ende yokuhamba.Umzi-mveliso wezixhobo zokuthutha zaseTshayina, uninzi lwabasebenzi bezenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ukuba nobuganga bokwenza izinto ezintsha, ukufunda kakuhle, ukubambelela kutshintsho lwezenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, uphando kunye nophuhliso loshishino lwaseTshayina lokulungisa ukutya olufunekayo ngokungxamisekileyo, lulungele iimeko zelizwe zokuzenzela okuphezulu, okuphezulu. isantya, ukonga amandla amabhanti okuhambisa umnatha kwishishini lokutya laseTshayina kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini lezixhobo zokuhambisa ukwenza umhlaba umangaliswe ngumsebenzi omkhulu!