Iimfuno eziphezulu zokuvelisa kuzo zonke iindawo zokuphatha izinto ezininzi zifuna ukuphuculwa kwempumelelo ngendlela ekhuselekileyo kunye neyona ndlela isebenzayo kwindleko yokusebenza ephantsi.Njengoko iinkqubo zokuhambisa zisiya ziba banzi, zikhawuleza kwaye zinde, kuya kufuneka amandla angakumbi kunye nolawulo oluphezulu lokuhamba.Idityaniswe neemfuno ezingqongqo zolawulo, iinkokeli zoshishino ezixabisa indleko kufuneka ziqwalasele ngononophelo ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezitsha kunye nokhetho loyilo oluhlangabezana neenjongo zabo zexesha elide zembuyekezo engcono kutyalo-mali (ROI).
Ukhuseleko lunokuba ngumthombo omtsha wokunciphisa iindleko.Kule minyaka ingama-30 izayo, umlinganiselo wemigodi kunye nemizi-mveliso esebenza ngokucokisekileyo enenkcubeko yokhuseleko oluphezulu kusenokwenzeka ukuba unyuke ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba apho iya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo kunokuba ibe yeyohlukileyo.Kwiimeko ezininzi, abaqhubi banokubona ngokukhawuleza iingxaki ezingalindelekanga kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo kunye nokhuseleko lwendawo yokusebenza kunye nokulungiswa kwesantya esincinci kuphela.Ezi ngxaki zidla ngokubonakala njengokuvuza okukhulu, ukwanda kokukhutshwa kothuli, ukutshintshwa kwebhanti, kunye nokunxiba/ukusilela kwezixhobo rhoqo.
Umthamo omkhulu kwibhanti lokuhambisa udala ukuchitheka okuninzi kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo ezijikeleze inkqubo ezinokukhubeka.Ngokutsho kwe-US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), i-slips, iihambo kunye nokuwa zijongene neepesenti ze-15 yazo zonke iindawo zokufa emsebenzini kunye neepesenti ze-25 zazo zonke izibango zokulimala emsebenzini.[1] Ukongeza, isantya esiphezulu sebhanti senza ukuba i-pinch kunye ne-drop points kwi-conveyors ibe yingozi ngakumbi, njengoko amaxesha okuphendula ancitshiswa kakhulu xa iimpahla zabasebenzi, izixhobo, okanye imilenze ifakwe ngokudibana ngengozi.[2]
Okukhona ibhanti lokuhambisa lihamba ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona liyaphambuka kwindlela yalo kwaye kuba nzima ngakumbi kwisixokelelwano sokuhambisa umkhondo ukuhlawulela oku, okukhokelela ekuvuzeni ecaleni kwendlela yonke yokuhambisa.Ngenxa yokutshintshwa komthwalo, i-idlers edibeneyo, okanye ezinye izizathu, ibhanti inokukhawuleza idibane nesakhelo esiyintloko, ikrazule imiphetho kwaye inokubangela umlilo odibeneyo.Ukongeza kwiimpembelelo zokhuseleko lwasemsebenzini, amabhanti othutho anokusasaza umlilo kwindawo yonke ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu.
Enye ingozi yendawo yokusebenza - kwaye enye iya ilawulwa ngakumbi - kukukhutshwa kothuli.Ukunyuka komthamo womthwalo kuthetha ubunzima obuninzi kwizantya eziphezulu zebhanti, ezibangela ukungcangcazela ngakumbi kwinkqubo kunye nokwehlisa umgangatho womoya ngothuli.Ukongeza, ii-blades zokucoca zithande ukungaphumeleli njengoko umthamo unyuka, okukhokelela ekukhutshweni kwezinto ezibalekayo kwindlela ebuyayo yomhambisi.Amasuntswana ama-abrasive angonakalisa iindawo eziqengqelekayo kwaye abangele ukuba babambe, okonyusa ithuba lokutshisa i-friction kunye nokunyusa iindleko zokulondolozwa kunye nexesha lokuphumla.Ukongeza, umgangatho womoya ophantsi unokukhokelela kwisohlwayo somhloli kunye nokuvalwa okunyanzeliswayo.
Njengoko amabhanti okuhambisa esiya esiba nde kwaye ekhawuleza, itekhnoloji yokulandela umkhondo yangoku ibaluleke ngakumbi, ikwazi ukubona utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela yokuhambisa kwaye ngokukhawuleza ihlawule ubunzima, isantya kunye namandla okukhukuliseka ngaphambi kokuba ilayishe ngaphezulu kwe-tracker.Ixhonywe ngokuqhelekileyo yonke i-70 ukuya kwi-150 inyawo (i-21 ukuya kwi-50 yeemitha) kumacala okubuya kunye nomthwalo-phambi kwe-pulley yokukhulula kwicala lomthwalo kunye ne-pulley yangaphambili kwicala lokubuya-abalandeleli abatsha abaphezulu naphantsi basebenzisa i-multi-innovative multi- indlela yehinge.Itekhnoloji yokuphindaphinda i-torque ene-sensor arm assembly ibona utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela yebhanti kwaye ngoko nangoko ilungelelanisa ipulley enye yerabha eyiflethi ukuze ilungelelanise ibhanti kwakhona.
Ukunciphisa iindleko ngetoni nganye yezinto ezithuthwayo, amashishini amaninzi aya kubahambisi ababanzi nabakhawulezayo.Uyilo slot yemveli kusenokwenzeka ukuba uhlale umgangatho.Kodwa ngokuya kubanzi, amabhanti okuhambisa isantya esiphezulu, abaphathi bezinto ezininzi baya kufuna uphuculo olubalulekileyo kwizinto ezomeleleyo ezinje ngee-idlers, iichoki zamavili kunye neechute.
Eyona ngxaki ingundoqo kuyilo oluninzi olusemgangathweni lwegutter kukuba ayenzelwanga ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhulayo zemveliso.Ukukhulula izinto ezininzi ukusuka kwi-chute yokudlulisa ukuya kwibhanti yokuhambisa ehamba ngokukhawuleza kunokutshintsha ukuhamba kwezinto kwi-chute, kubangele ukulayisha ngaphandle kwendawo, ukwandisa ukuvuza kwezinto ezibalekayo kunye nokukhululwa kothuli emva kokuphuma kwindawo yokumisa.
Uyilo lwamva nje lomkhombe lunceda ukugxila kwizinto ezibonakalayo kwibhanti kwindawo evalwe kakuhle, ukwandisa ukuphuma, ukunciphisa ukuvuza, ukunciphisa uthuli kunye nokunciphisa iingozi eziqhelekileyo zokulimala emsebenzini.Esikhundleni sokulahla iintsimbi ngokuthe ngqo kwibhanti kunye nefuthe eliphezulu, ukuhla kweentsimbi kulawulwa ukuphucula imeko yebhanti kunye nokwandisa ubomi beziseko zempembelelo kunye neerola ngokukhawulela amandla kwiintsimbi kwindawo yomthwalo.Ukunciphisa i-turbulence kwenza kube lula ukuchaphazela i-liner yokunxiba kunye ne-skirt kunye nokunciphisa ithuba lezinto ezimfutshane ukubanjwa phakathi kwe-skirt kunye nebhanti, enokubangela umonakalo odibeneyo kunye nokunxiba ibhanti.
Indawo ezolileyo yemodyuli inde kwaye inde kunezoyilo zangaphambili, ivumela ixesha lokuzinza komthwalo, inika indawo eyongezelelekileyo kunye nexesha lokuthothisa umoya, ivumela uthuli ukuba luhlale ngokucokisekileyo.Uyilo lwemodyuli luziqhelanisa ngokulula nohlengahlengiso lwexesha elizayo lwesikhongozeli.Ilayini yokunxiba yangaphandle inokutshintshwa ukusuka ngaphandle kwe-chute, kunokuba ifune ukungena okuyingozi kwi-chute njengoko bekuyilwe ngaphambili.Izigqubuthelo ze-Chute ezinamakhethini othuli lwangaphakathi zilawula ukuhamba komoya kunye nobude bonke be-chute, evumela uthuli ukuba luhlale kwikhethini kwaye ekugqibeleni luwele kwibhanti kwii-clumps ezinkulu.Inkqubo yokutywina ye-skirt ephindwe kabini ifaka itywina lokuqala kunye netywina lesibini kumtya we-elastomer onamacala amabini ukunceda ukuthintela ukuchitheka kunye nokuvuza kothuli kumacala omabini e-chute.
Izantya eziphakamileyo zebhanti nazo zikhokelela kubushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza kunye nokunyuka kokunxiba kwiincakuba ezicocekileyo.Imithwalo emikhulu esondela ngesantya esiphezulu ibetha iincakuba eziphambili ngamandla amaninzi, ibangela ukuba ezinye izakhiwo zinxibe ngokukhawuleza, ukukhukuliseka ngakumbi kunye nokuchitheka okungaphezulu kunye nothuli.Ukuhlawulela ubomi obufutshane besixhobo, abavelisi banokunciphisa iindleko zokucoca iibhanti, kodwa oku akusiyo isisombululo esizinzileyo esingasiphelisi ixesha elongezelelweyo lokunciphisa elihambelana nokugcinwa kococeko kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-blade ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngelixa abanye abavelisi be-blade bezabalazela ukuhambelana neemfuno eziguqukayo zemveliso, inkokeli yeshishini kwizisombululo zokuhambisa itshintsha ishishini lokucoca ngokunikezela ngeeblade ezenziwe ngokukodwa ezenziwe nge-polyurethane enzima eyenziwe ngokukodwa kwaye isikwe kwindawo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhanjiswa okutsha kunye nokuzinzileyo.imveliso.Ukusebenzisa i-torsion, intwasahlobo okanye i-pneumatic tensioners, abacoci bokuqala abachaphazeli amabhanti kunye namalungu, kodwa basusa i-drift ngempumelelo.Kweyona misebenzi inzima, isicoci esiphambili sisebenzisa i-matrix yeeblade ze-tungsten carbide ezisetwe ngokwedayagonali ukwenza igophe elimacala amathathu ajikeleze ipuli ephambili.Inkonzo yasentsimini igqibe kwelokuba ubomi bomntu ococa i-polyurethane ngokuqhelekileyo buphinda-phinda kayi-4 ubomi ngaphandle kokulungiswa.
Ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji yokucoca ibhanti yexesha elizayo, iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo zandisa ubomi be-blade kunye nempilo yebhanti ngokususa unxibelelwano lwe-blade-to-belt xa umthumeli esebenza.I-tensioner ye-pneumatic, exhunywe kwinkqubo yomoya oxinyiweyo, ixhotyiswe ngenzwa efumanisa xa ibhande lingasalayishwa kwaye libuyisela ngokuzenzekelayo ii-blades, ukunciphisa ukugqoka okungadingekile kwibhanti kunye nokucoca.Ikwanciphisa iinzame zokulawula rhoqo kunye nokucinezela iincakuba ukuze usebenze ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo.Isiphumo kukuxinana kwe-blade ngokuqhubekayo, ukucocwa okuthembekileyo kunye nobomi obude be-blade, konke ngaphandle kokungenelela komsebenzisi.
Iinkqubo ezenzelwe ukuhamba imigama emide ngesantya esiphezulu zihlala zinika amandla kuphela kumanqaku abalulekileyo njengepulley yentloko, ukungahoywa ukwanela kwe-automated "smart systems", izinzwa, izibane, iziqhotyoshelo, okanye ezinye izixhobo kunye nobude bomthumeli.umbane.Amandla ancedisayo anokuba nzima kwaye abize kakhulu, afune ii-transformer ezinkulu, ii-conduits, iibhokisi ze-junction kunye neentambo zokuhlawulela ukuhla kwamandla ombane angenakuthintelwa kwixesha elide lokusebenza.Amandla elanga nawomoya anokungathembeki kwezinye iindawo, ngakumbi emigodini, ngoko ke abaqhubi bafuna iindlela ezizezinye zokuvelisa umbane ngokuthembekileyo.
Ngokudibanisa i-microgenerator enelungelo elilodwa lomenzi kwi-pulley ye-idler kunye nokusebenzisa amandla e-kinetic eyenziwa yibhanti ehambayo, ngoku kunokwenzeka ukuba unqobe imiqobo yokufumaneka ehamba kunye neenkqubo zokuncedisa amandla.Ezi jenereyitha ziyilwe njengemizi-mveliso yamandla ezimeleyo enokuthi iphinde ifakwe kwizakhiwo zenkxaso esele zikhona kwaye zisetyenziswe phantse kuyo nayiphi na intsimbi.
Uyilo lusebenzisa i-magnetic coupling ukuze udibanise "i-drive stop" ukuya ekupheleni kwe-pulley ekhoyo ehambelana nobubanzi obungaphandle.I-pawl ye-drive, ejikelezwe yintshukumo yebhanti, idibanisa kunye nejeneretha ngokusebenzisa iilugi zokuqhuba ngomatshini kwizindlu.Izinyusi zemagneti ziqinisekisa ukuba umbane ogqithisileyo okanye oomatshini awuzisi ukuba ume ngxi umqulu, endaweni yoko iimagnethi zikhutshiwe kumphezulu wokuqengqeleka.Ngokubeka i-generator ngaphandle kwendlela yezinto eziphathekayo, uyilo olutsha olutsha luphepha imiphumo eyonakalisayo yemithwalo enzima kunye nezinto ezininzi.
I-Automation yindlela yekamva, kodwa njengoko abasebenzi benkonzo abanamava bethatha umhlala-phantsi kunye nabasebenzi abancinci abangena kwimarike bajongene nemingeni ekhethekileyo, izakhono zokhuseleko kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto ziba nzima kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu.Ngelixa ulwazi olusisiseko loomatshini lusafuneka, amagcisa enkonzo amatsha nawo afuna ulwazi oluthe kratya lobugcisa.Olu lwahlulo lwemfuno yomsebenzi luya kwenza kube nzima ukufumana abantu abanezakhono ezininzi, ukukhuthaza abaqhubi ukuba bakhuphe ezinye iinkonzo zobungcali kunye nokwenza izivumelwano zokulondoloza zixhaphake ngakumbi.
Ukubekwa esweni komthumeli okunxulumene nokhuseleko kunye nokugcinwa kothintelo kuya kuthembeka ngakumbi kwaye kuxhaphake, kuvumeleke abathuthi ukuba basebenze ngokuzimeleyo kwaye baqikelele iimfuno zolondolozo.Ekugqibeleni, ii-agent ezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo (iirobhothi, i-drones, njl.) ziya kuthatha ezinye zemisebenzi eyingozi, ngakumbi kwimigodi engaphantsi komhlaba, njengoko i-ROI yokhuseleko ibonelela ngengqiqo eyongezelelweyo.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuphathwa okungabizi kakhulu kunye nokukhuselekileyo komthamo omkhulu wezinto ezininzi kuya kukhokelela kuphuhliso lwezikhululo ezininzi ezitsha kunye nemveliso engaphezulu ye-semi-automated yokuphatha imathiriyeli eninzi.Izithuthi ebezifudula zithuthwa ngeelori, ngoololiwe okanye ngezikhephe, imigama emide ehambisa phezu komhlaba ehambisa imathiriyeli ukusuka emigodini okanye kwiikwari ukuya kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla okanye kwiindawo ezilungisayo, zinokude zichaphazele icandelo lezothutho.Olu thungelwano lomgama omde wokulungisa umthamo sele lusekiwe kwiindawo ekunzima ukufikelela kuzo, kodwa kungekudala lunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi.
[1] “Iziliphu, iihambo kunye nokuchongwa kokuwa kunye noThintelo;” [1] “Iziliphu, iihambo kunye nokuchongwa kokuwa kunye noThintelo;”[1] “Ukufunyanwa kunye nokuthintelwa kweziliphu, iihambo kunye nokuwa”;[1] I-Slip, Trip, and Fall Recognition and Prevention, uKhuseleko eMsebenzini kunye noLawulo lwezeMpilo, iSacramento, CA, 2007. https://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy07/sh-16625-07/ slipstripsfalls.ppt
[2] Swindman, Todd, Marty, Andrew D., Marshall, Daniel: "IiNqaku zoKhuseleko lweConveyor", uMartin Engineering, iCandelo 1, iphe.14. Inkampani yokuPapasha yaseWorzalla, eStevens Point, eWisconsin, ngo-2016 https://www.martin-eng.com/content/product/690/security book
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