Ukugcinwa kwe-injini kubalulekile ekwandiseni ubomi bomhambisi wakho.Enyanisweni, ukhetho lokuqala lwe-injini efanelekileyo lunokwenza umehluko omkhulu kwinkqubo yokulondoloza.
Ngokuqonda iimfuno zetorque yemoto kunye nokukhetha iimpawu ezichanekileyo zoomatshini, umntu unokukhetha imoto eya kuhlala iminyaka emininzi ngaphaya kwewaranti enokugcinwa okuncinci.
Umsebenzi oyintloko wemoto yombane kukuvelisa i-torque, exhomekeke kumandla kunye nesantya.I-National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) iphuhlise imigangatho yokuhlelwa koyilo oluchaza izakhono ezahlukeneyo zeenjini.Olu lwahlulo lwaziwa ngokuba ziijiko zoyilo lwe-NEMA kwaye ngokwesiqhelo ziindidi ezine: A, B, C, kunye no-D.
Ijika ngalinye lichaza i-torque esemgangathweni efunekayo ukuqala, ukukhawuleza kunye nokusebenza ngemithwalo eyahlukeneyo.I-NEMA Design B motors zithathwa njengeemotor eziqhelekileyo.Ziye zisetyenziswe kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo apho i-current current incinci, apho i-torque ephezulu yokuqala ayifuni, kwaye apho i-motor ayifuni ukuxhasa imithwalo enzima.
Nangona i-NEMA Design B igubungela malunga ne-70% yazo zonke iinjini, olunye uyilo lwetorque luyafuneka ngamanye amaxesha.
Uyilo lwe-NEMA A luyafana noyilo B kodwa lunokuqala okuphezulu ngoku kunye netorque.Iinjini zokuyila ii-A motors zilungele ukusetyenziswa kunye ne-Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) ngenxa ye-torque ephezulu eyenzeka xa i-motor isebenza kufuphi nomthwalo ogcweleyo, kwaye ukuqala okuphezulu kwangoku ekuqaleni akuchaphazeli ukusebenza.
I-NEMA yoYilo lwe-C kunye ne-D motors zithathwa njengeenjini zokuqalisa eziphezulu.Zisetyenziswa xa i-torque eninzi ifuneka kwangoko kwinkqubo yokuqalisa imithwalo enzima kakhulu.
Owona mahluko mkhulu phakathi koyilo lwe-NEMA C kunye no-D sisixa sokutyibilika kwesantya sokuphela kwemoto.Isantya sokutyibilika semoto sichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo isantya semoto kumthwalo ogcweleyo.I-motor ezine-pole, i-no-slip motor iya kuhamba nge-1800 rpm.I-motor efanayo kunye ne-slip eninzi iya kusebenza kwi-1725 rpm, ngelixa i-motor ene-slip encinci iya kuhamba kwi-1780 rpm.
Uninzi lwabavelisi babonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zeemotor ezisemgangathweni eziyilelwe ezahlukeneyo iijika zoyilo lweNEMA.
Ubungakanani be-torque ekhoyo kwizantya ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lokuqala kubalulekile ngenxa yeemfuno zesicelo.
Iiconveyors zizicelo zetorque rhoqo, okuthetha ukuba itorque yabo efunekayo ihlala ingatshintshi xa sele iqalisiwe.Nangona kunjalo, abahambisi bafuna itorque eyongezelelweyo yokuqalisa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza rhoqo kwetorque.Ezinye izixhobo, ezifana ne-frequency frequency drives kunye ne-hydraulic clutches, zinokusebenzisa i-torque eqhekezayo ukuba ibhanti lokuhambisa lifuna i-torque engaphezulu kunokuba injini inokubonelela ngaphambi kokuba iqalise.
Enye yeziganeko ezinokuchaphazela kakubi ukuqala komthwalo ngumbane ophantsi.Ukuba i-voltage yokubonelela ngegalelo iyehla, i-torque eyenziwe ihla kakhulu.
Xa uqwalasela ukuba i-torque yemoto yanele ukuqalisa umthwalo, i-voltage yokuqala kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.Ubudlelwane phakathi kombane kunye netorque ngumsebenzi wequadratic.Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i-voltage yehla ukuya kwi-85% ngexesha lokuqalisa, i-motor iya kuvelisa malunga ne-72% ye-torque kwi-voltage epheleleyo.Kubalulekile ukuvavanya i-torque yokuqala ye-motor ngokumalunga nomthwalo phantsi kweemeko ezimbi kakhulu.
Ngeli xesha, into esebenzayo sisixa somthwalo ogqithisiweyo enjini enokumelana nayo ngaphakathi komgangatho wobushushu ngaphandle kokufudumeza.Kungabonakala ngathi amaxabiso eenkonzo aphezulu, ngcono, kodwa akusoloko kunjalo.
Ukuthenga i-injini enkulu kakhulu xa ingakwazi ukusebenza ngamandla aphezulu kunokukhokelela kwinkcitho yemali kunye nendawo.Ngokufanelekileyo, injini kufuneka iqhube ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kwe-80% kunye ne-85% yamandla alinganisiweyo ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Umzekelo, iinjini zihlala zisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kumthwalo opheleleyo phakathi kwe-75% kunye ne-100%.Ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle, isicelo kufuneka sisebenzise phakathi kwe-80% kunye ne-85% yamandla e-injini adweliswe kwi-nameplate.