Ubuthathaka kubantu abadala ngamanye amaxesha bucatshangelwa njengokulahleka kwesisindo, kubandakanywa nokulahlekelwa kwemisipha, kunye nobudala, kodwa uphando olutsha lubonisa ukuba ukuzuza ubunzima kunokudlala indima kwimeko.
Kuphononongo olupapashwe ngoJanuwari 23 kwiphephancwadi i-BMJ Open, abaphandi baseNorway bafumanisa ukuba abantu abatyebileyo kwiminyaka yobudala (abalinganiswa nge-body mass index (BMI) okanye umjikelezo wesinqe) banomngcipheko ophezulu wobuthathaka okanye ubuthathaka kwindawo yokuqala. .Kwiminyaka engama-21 kamva.
"I-Fragility ngumqobo onamandla wokuguga ngempumelelo kunye nokuguga ngokwemiqathango yakho," kusho uNikhil Satchidanand, Ph.D., isazi se-physiologist kunye noprofesa oncedisayo kwiYunivesithi yaseBuffalo, owayengabandakanyekanga kwisifundo esitsha.
Abantu abadala ababuthathaka basengozini enkulu yokuwa kunye nokwenzakala, ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunye neengxaki, utshilo.
Ukongeza, uthi, abantu abadala ababuthathaka basengozini yokufumana ukuphazamiseka okukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nokuzimela kunye nesidingo sokubekwa kwindawo yokhathalelo lwexesha elide.
Iziphumo zophando olutsha zihambelana nezifundo zangaphambili zexesha elide eziye zafumana unxulumano phakathi kokukhuluphala kwe-midlife kunye nokukhathala kwangaphambili kamva ebomini.
Abaphandi nabo abazange balandele utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila yabathathi-nxaxheba, ukutya, imikhwa, kunye nobuhlobo ngexesha lokufunda elinokuthi lichaphazele umngcipheko wabo wobuthathaka.
Kodwa ababhali babhala ukuba iziphumo zophononongo zibalaselisa "ukubaluleka kokuvavanya rhoqo kunye nokugcina iBMI efanelekileyo kunye [nesinqe esinqeni] kubo bonke abantu abadala ukunciphisa umngcipheko wobuthathaka ebudaleni."
Uphononongo lusekwe kwidatha yovavanyo evela kubahlali be-4,500 abaneminyaka eyi-45 nangaphezulu eTromsø, eNorway phakathi kwe-1994 kunye ne-2015.
Kuphando ngalunye, ubude kunye nobunzima babathathi-nxaxheba balinganiswa.Oku kusetyenziselwa ukubala i-BMI, esisisixhobo sokuhlola kwiindidi zobunzima obunokubangela iingxaki zempilo.I-BMI ephezulu ayisoloko ibonisa inqanaba eliphezulu lamafutha omzimba.
Olunye uphando luphinde lwalinganisa umjikelo wesinqe sabathathi-nxaxheba, esasetyenziswa ukuqikelela amanqatha esisu.
Ukongezelela, abaphandi bachaza ubuthathaka ngokusekelwe kwiikhrayitheriya ezilandelayo: ukulahleka kwesisindo esingenanjongo, ukuchithwa, amandla okubamba obuthathaka, ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, kunye namanqanaba aphantsi okusebenza ngokomzimba.
I-Frailty ibonakaliswe kubukho ubuncinane besithathu kwezi khrayitheriya, ngelixa i-fragility inomnye okanye ezimbini.
Ngenxa yokuba kuphela i-1% yabathathi-nxaxheba babebuthathaka ekutyeleleni kokugqibela kokulandelela, abaphandi badibanisa aba bantu kunye ne-28% ababebuthathaka ngaphambili.
Uhlalutyo lwafumanisa ukuba abantu abatyebe kakhulu kwiminyaka yobudala (njengoko kuboniswe yi-BMI ephezulu) phantse amaxesha angama-2.5 amathuba okuba bahlupheke ngenxa yobuthathaka kwiminyaka eyi-21 xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abane-BMI eqhelekileyo.
Ukongeza, abantu abanobude obuphakathi okanye obuphezulu esinqeni babenokwenzeka ngokuphindwe kabini ukuba babe ne-prefrastylism/ubuthathaka kuviwo lokugqibela xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abanomjikelezo wesinqe esiqhelekileyo.
Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba xa abantu befumana ubunzima okanye bandise umjikelezo wesinqe ngeli xesha, banokuthi babe buthathaka ekupheleni kwexesha lokufunda.
USatchidanand uthe uphononongo lubonelela ngobungqina obongezelelweyo bokuthi ukhetho lobomi obunempilo kwangoko lunokuba negalelo ekugugeni ngempumelelo.
"Olu phononongo kufuneka lusikhumbuze ukuba iziphumo ezibi zokwanda kokutyeba kakhulu ukusuka ebudala zinzulu," utshilo, "kwaye ziyakuchaphazela kakhulu impilo, ukusebenza kunye nomgangatho wobomi babantu abadala."
UDkt David Cutler, ugqirha wezonyango lwentsapho kwi-Providence St. Johns Medical Centre eSanta Monica, eCalifornia, uthe enye yeentsilelo zophando kukuba abaphandi bagxininise kwiinkalo zomzimba zobuthathaka.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, “inkoliso yabantu iya kubuqonda ubuthathaka njengokuwohloka kwemisebenzi yomzimba kunye nokuqonda,” watsho.
Nangona iikhrayitheriya zomzimba ezisetyenziswe ngabaphandi kolu phando ziye zasetyenziswa kwezinye izifundo, abanye abaphandi baye bazama ukuchaza ezinye iinkalo zobuthathaka, ezifana neengqondo, intlalo kunye neengqondo.
Ukongezelela, abathathi-nxaxheba kwisifundo esitsha babika ezinye izibonakaliso zobuthathaka, ezifana nokudinwa, ukungasebenzi komzimba kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingalindelekanga, oku kuthetha ukuba abanako ukuchaneka, uCutler uthe.
Esinye isithintelo esiphawulwe nguCutler kukuba abanye abantu baye baphuma kuphononongo ngaphambi kotyelelo lokulandelela lokugqibela.Abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba aba bantu bathanda ukuba badala, batyebe ngakumbi, kwaye babe neminye imingcipheko yobuthathaka.
Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zazifana xa abaphandi bengabandakanyi abantu abangaphezu kwe-60 ekuqaleni kophononongo.
Ngelixa izifundo zangaphambili zifumene ingozi eyongeziweyo yobuthathaka kwabasetyhini abancinci, uphononongo olutsha lubandakanya abantu abambalwa kakhulu ukuba abaphandi bavavanye le khonkco.
Ngaphandle kobume boqwalaselo lophononongo, abaphandi banikezela ngeendlela ezininzi zebhayoloji ezinokuthi zifumaneke kwiziphumo zabo.
Ukunyuka kwamafutha omzimba kunokukhokelela ekudumbeni emzimbeni, nto leyo ehambelana nobuthathaka.Babhala ukuba ukubekwa kwamafutha kwimicu yezihlunu kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni amandla emisipha.
UGqr. Mir Ali, ugqirha we-bariatric kunye nomlawuli wezonyango kwi-MemorialCare Bariatric Surgery Centre kwi-Orange Coast Medical Centre e-Fountain Valley, eCalif., Uthi ukukhuluphala kuchaphazela ukusebenza kamva ebomini ngezinye iindlela.
Uthi: "Izigulana zam ezityebileyo zidla ngokuba neengxaki ezidibeneyo kunye nomqolo," utsho."Oku kuchaphazela ukuhamba kwabo kunye nokukwazi ukuphila ubomi obundilisekileyo, kubandakanya njengoko bekhula."
Ngelixa ubuthathaka ngandlela thile bunxulunyaniswa nokuguga, uSatchidanand uthe kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu osele ekhulile oba buthathaka.
Ukongezelela, "nangona iindlela ezisisiseko zobuthathaka zinzima kakhulu kwaye zininzi, sinolawulo oluthile kwizinto ezininzi ezibangela ubuthathaka," watsho.
Ukhetho lwendlela yokuphila, njengokwenza umsebenzi oqhelekileyo, ukutya okunempilo, ukucoceka kokulala okufanelekileyo, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo, kuchaphazela ubunzima ekukhuleni kwabantu abadala, uthi.
Wathi: “Zininzi izinto ezibangela umntu atyebe ngokugqithiseleyo, kuquka imizila yemfuza, iincindi zamadlala, ukufumana ukutya okusemgangathweni, imfundo, umvuzo kunye nomsebenzi.
Ngelixa u-Cutler wayenenkxalabo malunga nokulinganiselwa kolu phando, wathi uphando lubonisa ukuba oogqirha, izigulane kunye noluntu kufuneka baqaphele ubuthathaka.
“Enyanisweni, asiyazi indlela yokuhlangabezana nobulwelwe.Asiyazi ngokuyimfuneko ukuba siyinqande.Kodwa kufuneka siyazi ngayo,” utshilo.
Ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga nokuba sesichengeni kubaluleke kakhulu xa kunikwa abantu abalupheleyo, utshilo uSatchidanand.
"Njengoko uluntu lwethu lwehlabathi luqhubeka nokuguga ngokukhawuleza kwaye umyinge wobomi bethu ukhula, sijongene nesidingo sokuqonda ngcono iindlela ezisisiseko zobuthathaka," utshilo, "kwaye siphuhlise iindlela ezisebenzayo nezilawulekayo zokuthintela kunye nokunyanga i-frailty syndrome."
Iingcali zethu zihlala zibeka esweni impilo kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwaye zihlaziya amanqaku ethu njengoko ulwazi olutsha lufumaneka.
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